The conference program will only be available online. If you would like to have a paper copy of any pages of the program you will need to print them yourself.
The conference takes place on the Monroe campus of Virginia Commonwealth University (map).
The morning plenary talks are in the Singleton Center for the Performing Arts Concert Hall at 922 Park Avenue.
The afternoon regular, short and JMA paper presentations will take place in the STEM Building at 817 West Franklin Street. Workshops will be held in the Academic Learning Commons (ALC) at 1000 Floyd Avenue.
The Exhibition of Mathematical Art, Craft, and Design will be held in the Math Exchange in the STEM Building.
All talk and workshop rooms have a projector, a desktop PC with Power Point and Acrobat Reader, HDMI and USB (old style) connections for personal laptops, a document camera, and speakers for sound. If you can access your talk online or on a memory stick in a format compatible with Power Point or Acrobat Reader, you can use the desktop PC and do not need to bring your own laptop. If you want to use your own computer you will need to bring adaptors to connect to an HDMI or USB port.
The last speaker in each paper session is marked (Chair) and is responsible for running that session. The chair must make sure talks begin at the precise time in the schedule. Short paper presenters have 10 minutes to speak and 2 minutes for questions. Regular paper presenters have 20 minutes to speak and 5 minutes for questions. The chair should introduce each speaker by name and give them a hand signal when they are 2, 1, and 0 minutes from the end of their allotted time.
Workshops have participation limits due to the supply of materials the presenter can provide or close supervision required for the activity. Please arrive early to be sure there is space for you to participate. It is not possible to sign up or reserve a place for a workshop. If you arrive to a full workshop you may observe the workshop without participating.
Clicking on an underlined talk title will take you to the corresponding paper in the Bridges Archive. JMA Paper talks are based on articles published in Journal of Mathematics and the Arts in 2022 or 2023.
Clicking on an underlined event title will take you to a page with more information on that event. If you would like to be a runway model for the Math+Fashion Show on August 3, please fill out this form. If you would like to volunteer to help an activity presenter during Family Day, please fill out this form. If you are interested in contributing your talents onstage or off to the theater production, reading a mathematical poem during the open mic part of the Poetry Reading on August 4, or performing at Informal Music and Performance Night on August 5, please contact the organizers using the information on the pages for those events.
Sessions and Events are color-coded as follows:
Plenary Sessions, Singleton Center Concert Hall, conference registration required.
Regular and JMA Paper Sessions, STEM Building, conference registration required.
Short Paper Sessions, STEM Building, conference registration required.
Workshop Sessions, Academic Learning Commons, conference registration required.
Social Events, conference or companion registration required.
Free Public Events, no registration required.
Optional Full Day Excursion, separate registration and additional fee required.
Wednesday, 31 July
09:00–18:00: Hand delivery of Art Exhibition pieces, STEM Building, Math Exchange.
14:00–18:00: Registration, STEM Building, Math Exchange.
16:00–18:00: Music and Dancing, STEM Building, Math Exchange.
Enjoy some trad dance tunes by The Trapezium Centroids (aka The Parallelepipeds) while dropping off your art or picking up your conference badge. There will even be an opportunity to learn the Virginia reel with Karl Schaffer.
Thursday, 1 August
08:30–12:00: Registration, Singleton Center Lobby.
08:30–17:30: Art Exhibition open, STEM Building, Math Exchange.
09:00–12:00: Plenary Session 1, Singleton Center Concert Hall.
- 09:00–09:30: Opening Remarks
- 09:30–10:30: Annalisa Crannell, Double Take: Geometry, Perspective, and Optical Illusions.
- 10:30–11:00: Coffee break
- 11:00–12:00: David Reimann, Mathematical Art: Easy as One, Two, Three.
12:00–14:00: Lunch Break
14:00–15:30: Regular Papers Session 1, STEM 110
- 14:00–14:30: Douglas McKenna, The Art of Space-Filling Domino Curves.
- 14:30–15:00: Robert Bosch and Tuan Dung Do, Zigzag Mosaics and Single-Line Drawings.
- 15:00-15:30: Helena Verrill (Chair), Fractals from Hinged Hexagon and Triangle Tilings.
14:00–15:30: Regular Papers Session 2, STEM 216
- 14:00–14:30: Jason Brown and Lawrence Lesser, All You Need is Math… to Write a “Hit” Song!
- 14:30–15:00: Lawrence Lesser, On and On: Infinity in Song.
- 15:00-15:30: Neal Bushaw, Brent Cody, Luke Freeman and Tobias Whitaker (Chair), The Music and Mathematics of Maximal Evenness in Graphs.
14:00–15:30: Regular and JMA Papers Session 1, STEM 112
- 14:00–14:30: Rob Hocking, Menger-Slice Inspired Fractals based on the Pentagon, Dodecahedron, and 120-Cell.
- 14:30–15:00: Rima Ajlouni, Derived from the Traditional Principles of Islamic Geometry, a Methodology for Generating Non-Periodic Long-Range Sequences in One-Dimension for 8-Fold, 10-Fold, and 12-Fold Rotational Symmetries.
- 15:00-15:30: Joshua Holden (Chair), Monsters in the Hollow: Counting Naiki Braid Patterns Using de Bruijn’s Monster Theorem.
14:00–15:30: Short Papers Session 1, STEM 202
- 14:00–14:15: Daniel Palmer and Al Denelsbeck, The Mathematics and Design of a New Deck of Playing Cards.
- 14:15–14:30: Jay Dearien and David Chappell, So-Soo-Yoo: A Game of Strategy and Chance on the Number Line.
- 14:30–14:45: Jared Pincus, Properly Scaling the Speed of a Model Roller Coaster.
- 14:45–15:00: Izzy Snyder, Rendering Grayscale Images with Square and Hexagonal Generalized Truchet Tiles.
- 15:00–15:15: Benjamin Trube, Chip-Firing with Walls and Dying Vertices.
- 15:15–15:30: Aryan Tamrakar and Daniel Palmer (Chair), Generating Trace Renditions using Human Swarm Principles.
14:00–15:30: Workshop 1, ALC 1102
Carolyn Yackel and Bobby Stecher, Dyeing to Make an Orbifold.
*Workshop limited to 40 participants.
14:00–15:30: Workshop 2, ALC 2107
Neel Shrestha, Creating Square Koch Surfaces Using Origami.
*Workshop limited to 20 participants.
15:30–16:00: Coffee Break
16:00–17:30: Regular Papers Session 3, STEM 110
- 16:00–16:30: David Plaxco, Adaija Warren, and Alia Davis, Counting a Class of Photogenic Knots on 9×9×9 Rubik’s Cubes.
- 16:30–17:00: George I. Bell, An Initial Attempt at a Mathematical Treatment of Translational Coordinate-Motion Puzzles.
- 17:00–17:30: Jeffrey Ventrella (Chair), Particle-hedra: Generating Polyhedra with Inter-Particle Forces.
16:00–17:30: JMA Papers Session 2, STEM 212
- 16:00–16:30: Stephen Lucas and Laura Taalman, Ideal Spatial Graph Configurations.
- 16:30–17:00: Ellie Baker (Chair), Charles Wampler, and Daniel R. Baker. Triply Invertible Scarf Sewing Adventures (and Instructions).
16:00–17:30: Short Papers Session 2, STEM 216
- 16:00–16:15: Georgia Crowther, Hats in Grout: Practical Tiling with Aperiodic Monotiles.
- 16:15–16:30: Scott Vorthmann, Shiying Dong and Chaim Goodman-Strauss, A Group Activity to Build an Aperiodic Spectre Tiling.
- 16:30–16:45: David Richeson, Chaim Goodman-Strauss, Linda Green, and David Hall, A Group Activity to Make a Hat Tiling with Paper.
- 16:45–17:00: Vincent Schumacher, Mirrored Image Montages.
- 17:00–17:15: Timothy Lexen, Tricurves: Behind and Beyond Tiling.
- 17:15–17:30: John Bowers and Dakota Lawson (Chair), Escher: An Engine for Exploring Hierarchical Combinatorial Tilings.
16:00–17:30: Workshop 3, ALC 1102
Tung Ken Lam, Bend-a-Ball: Make Flexible Zonohedra and Other Polyhedra with a Modular Origami Edge Unit.
*Workshop limited to 30 participants.
16:00–17:30: Workshop 4, ALC 2107
Susan Gerofsky and Samuel Milner, Sprang: Exploring an Ancient Form of Textile Weaving through Handwork, Movement and Poetry.
*Workshop limited to 20 participants.
17:30–20:00: Art Exhibition Opening Reception with music by the Richmond Indigenous Gourd Orchestra, STEM Building.
Friday, 2 August
08:30–12:00: Registration, Singleton Center Lobby.
08:30–17:30: Art Exhibition open, STEM Building, Math Exchange.
09:00–12:00: Plenary Session 2, Singleton Center Concert Hall
- 09:00–09:30: Announcements
- 09:30–10:30: Chris Bathgate, The Machinist Sculptor.
- 10:30–11:00: Coffee break
- 11:00–12:00: Jessica Rosenkrantz and Jesse Louis-Rosenberg, Growing Objects.
12:00–14:00: Lunch Break
14:00–15:30: Regular Papers Session 4, STEM 202
- 14:00–14:30: George Hart, Hans Hinterreiter’s Flowing Fields.
- 14:30–15:00: Marie-Pascale Corcuff, Labyrinths and Space-Filling Curves, Spirals and Tessellations: Topological and Geometrical Implications of Cartesian to Polar Transformations.
- 15:00–15:30: Ulrich Reitebuch, Henriette-Sophie Lipschuetz, Konrad Polthier and Martin Skrodzki (Chair), Heart of Domain Coloring.
14:00–15:30: Regular Papers Session 5, STEM 110
- 14:00–14:30: Tara Taylor, Playing with Connections and Variations: Golden Sierpinski Spirals.
- 14:30–15:00: Christopher Hanusa and Eric Vergo, Applying the Iterative Development Process: The Creation of Fractal Emergence.
- 15:00–15:30: Karl Schaffer and Mitchell J. Nathan (Chair), Artsy Pseudo-Hamiltonian Tours.
14:00–15:30: Regular Papers Session 6, STEM 112
- 14:00–14:30: Mircea Draghicescu, 3D Weaving Patterns and Modular Kirigami.
- 14:30–15:00: Duston Wetzel, Paul Gailiunas, Moses Gaither-Ganim, and William Holt, Triply Periodic Helical Weaves.
- 15:00–15:30: Lisa Marks and Owen Rohm (Chair), Connected Weaving: What Computational Patterning Can Contribute to Complex Weaving Utilization.
14:00–15:30: Short Papers Session 3, STEM 216
- 14:00–14:15: Anton Bakker and Tom Verhoeff, Looking for Lovely Links in Lattices.
- 14:15–14:30: James Mallos, Unicursal Corrugated Baskets.
- 14:30–14:45: 135 Radmila Sazdanovic, Pawel Dlotko, and Davide Gurnari, The Art of Knot Data.
- 14:45–15:00: Brian Mintz, Brunnian Ti-Links: Using tiles to generate finite and infinite Brunnian Links.
- 15:00–15:15: Heather Russell and Julianna Tymoczko, Stranding Webs.
- 15:15–15:30: Shintaro Fushida-Hardy and Peter Huxford (Chair), A Modular Sculpture Corresponding to Three Rotations.
14:00–15:30: Workshop 5, ALC 1102
Eve Torrence, How to Sew a Nine-Color Map on a Genus-Three Torus.
*Workshop limited to 40 participants, working in pairs.
14:00–15:30: Workshop 6, ALC 1104
Shanna Dobson and E. R. Lutken, To Look on Beauty Bare: Mathematics as Metaphor in Poetry.
*Workshop limited to 40 participants. Participants should bring writing materials – a computer or pen and paper.
15:30–16:00: Coffee Break
16:00–17:00: Regular Papers Session 7, STEM 110
- 16:00–16:30: Rachel Quinlan, Frieze Decompositions of Wallpaper Patterns: Origami Models for the cmm Class.
- 16:30–17:00: Antara Sen and Megan Martinez, Attainable Symmetry in Generalized Hitomezashi Patterns.
- 17:00–17:30: Frank A Farris (Chair), Enhancing Polyhedra, Tilings, and Surfaces with Cone-Studding.
16:00–17:00: Regular Papers Session 8, STEM 112
- 16:00–16:30: Sarah Glaz, Experimenting with the Golden Ratio in Poetry.
- 16:30–17:00: Ranger Liu, Unvexed Conformal Bodies: Musical Instruments, Ensembles, and Notations Derived from the Johnson Solids.
- 17:00–17:30: Robert Groth (Chair), Serialism Applied to a Mathematical Curiosity: The Musical Analogue to the Smallest Known Sierpi’nski Number.
16:00–17:30: Short Papers Session 4, STEM 202
- 16:00–16:15: Paul Gailiunas, Kagome Gyroid.
- 16:15–16:30: Steve Pomerantz, Cosmatesque Geodesics.
- 16:30–16:45: David Swart, Arcs on Spheres and Snakes on Planes.
- 16:45–17:00: Steven Wilkinson and Blake Settle, n-Flake Variations.
- 17:00–17:15: Alex Van de Sande, Gosper World: A Hexagonal Map Using Gosper Fractals.
- 17:15–17:30: Sarah Bricault (Chair), Beyond the Dragon: A Novel Class of Fractal Curves.
16:00–17:30: Short Papers Session 5, STEM 216
- 16:00–16:15: Douglas Dunham and Lisa Shier, An Embroidered (3,7) Hyperbolic Butterfly Pattern.
- 16:15–16:30: Agatha Kristel Abila, Ma. Louise Antonette De Las Peñas, and Mark Tomenes, Hyperbolic Isogonal Tilings from Uniform Edge Colorings.
- 16:30–16:45: Pierre Gradit and Vincent Van Dongen, Replacing A4 Key by a Stitching Constraint.
- 16:45–17:00: Erika Roldan, Claudia Silva, and Rosemberg Toala Enriquez, Eden model for Pentagons.
- 17:00–17:15: Christian Coletti, Volume-Enclosing Minimal Surfaces of Torus Knots and Links.
- 17:15–17:30: D. Jacob Wildstrom (Chair), Enclave Depth in Hitomezashi Stitchery.
16:00–17:30: Workshop 7, ALC 1102
Shiying Dong, From Knot Diagrams to Crocheted Topological Surfaces.
*Workshop limited to 24 participants. Experience with basic crochet is required. If you want to attend this workshop please learn and practice basic crochet before the conference. If you do not have experience with crochet, you are welcome to attend as an observer.
16:00–17:30: Workshop 8, ALC 1104
Chris Johnson and Will Morris, Shaping with Code and Mouse in Twoville.
*Workshop limited to 40 participants. Participants should bring a computer and will need wifi access.
17:30–19:30: Dinner Break
18:00–21:00: An Evening at the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (VMFA).
Andy Lewis, former chair of the VCU Department of Mathematics, will give a special presentation on his parents’ art contributions to the VMFA and the famous Best Products SITE buildings they commissioned. Andy’s talk will begin at 8 pm in the Marble Hall. We recommend heading to the museum immediately after the afternoon talks. You can purchase dinner in the museum’s Best cafe and eat indoors or outside on the terrace overlooking the sculpture garden. There will be free live music at the museum that evening as part of the VMFA’s After 5 Fridays. To reach the museum take a free city bus headed west along Main Street or walk to the museum along Grove Avenue (33 minutes from STEM). Entrance to the museum (excluding special exhibits) is free.
Saturday, 3 August
08:30–17:30: Art Exhibition open, STEM Building, Math Exchange.
09:15–12:00: Plenary Session 3, Singleton Center for the Performing Arts Concert Hall
- 09:15–09:30: Announcements
- 09:30–10:30: Chawne Kimber, An Artist’s Apology: I contain multitudes.
- 10:30–11:00: Coffee break
- 11:00–12:00: Reza Sarhangi Memorial Lecture
Grant Sanderson, Tales of Escher and Tiling Hyperbolic Space.
12:00–14:00: Lunch Break
14:00–15:30: Regular Papers Session 9, STEM 202
- 14:00–14:30: Craig S. Kaplan, Periodic Strips from Aperiodic Tiles.
- 14:30–15:00: John Berglund and Craig S. Kaplan, Large Islamic Rosettes in an Octagonal Frame.
- 15:00–15:30: Stephen Gagola (Chair), An Orthogonal Mate for a Latin Square Based on an Asymmetric Tile, II.
14:00–15:30: Regular Papers Session 10, STEM 110
- 14:00–14:30: Katelyn Owen, Abstract Geometry Meets Studio Art: Oil Painting from the Fano Plane.
- 14:30–15:00: Douglas Dwyer, Drawing on a Skating Rink.
- 15:00–15:30: Sarah J. Greenwald and Jill E. Thomley (Chair), How “The Sex Lives of College Girls” May Shape Perceptions on the Culture of Mathematics.
14:00–15:30: Regular Papers Session 11, STEM 112
- 14:00–14:30: Madonna Yoder, Rotated Grids for Origami Tessellation Pattern Alignment.
- 14:30–15:00: Shemsi Alhaddad, Best Practices for Data Embroidery.
- 15:00–15:30: Tess Geerts (Chair), The Pattern Project: Designing Educational Material Combining Fashion and Mathematics.
14:00–15:30: Short Papers Session 6, STEM 216
- 14:00–14:15: David Nichols, Building Pentagonal Icositetrahedra.
- 14:15–14:30: Luís Mateus, Constructing the Snub Cube via Intersection of Generalized Steinmetz Curves.
- 14:30–14:45: Jouko Koskinen and Severi Virolainen, Regular Arrangements of Platonic Solids.
- 14:45–15:00: Manuel Estévez, Érika Roldán, and Henry Segerman, Oriented and Non-Oriented Cubical Surfaces in The Penteract.
- 15:00–15:15: Bernard Piette and Arpad Lukacs, Polyhedral Cages: an Aesthetic Generalisation of Regular Solids.
- 15:15–15:30: Paz Amsellem, Khushbu Kshirsagar, Shai Gul, and Sujan Shrestha (Chair), Group Theory-based Dynamic Tiling for Geodesic Dome Design.
14:00–15:30: Workshop 9, ALC 1100
Susan Jones, Polyhedral Pysanky.
*Workshop limited to 30 participants.
14:00–15:30: Workshop 10, ALC 1102
Thomas Jackson and Erin Williams, Artfully Modeling Hyperbolic Planes through Tessellations.
*Workshop limited to 40 participants, working in pairs.
14:00–15:30: Workshop 11, ALC 1104
Bruce Torrence, A New Kind of Play for A-Puzzle-A-Day.
*Workshop limited to 40 participants, working in pairs.
15:30–16:00: Coffee Break
16:00–17:30: Regular Papers Session 12, STEM 202
- 16:00–16:30: Carlo H. Séquin, Handle-Bodies Inspired by Tengstrand’s “3-2-1”-Sculpture.
- 16:30–17:00: Yanbing Gu, Connor Stewart, and Ajmain Yamin, Maximally Complete Maps on Orientable Surfaces.
- 17:00–17:30: Robert Fathauer (Chair), Ceramic-based Mixed-media Topological Sculpture.
16:00–17:30: Regular Papers Session 13, STEM 112
- 16:00–16:30: Joseph Cline, Interlace Patterns Emerging in a Penrose-Type Islamic Design.
- 16:30–17:00: Lars Eriksson, The Flat Tile Set Enables Non-midpoint Tile edge Crossings.
- 17:00–17:30: Uli Gaenshirt (Chair), Ammann Grid and Knot Structure of a Quasiperiodic Girih Pattern.
16:00–17:30: Short Papers Session 7, STEM 110
- 16:00–16:15: Mirela Ben-Chen and Michal Edelstein, Amigurumi Crochet Patterns from Geodesic Distances.
- 16:15–16:30: Cameron Barb, Ekaterina Birch, Jared Gonzalez, Claire Jones, Josh Makela, Abigail McClennan, Laura Taalman, and Lauren Wiermanski, Predicting Planned Pooling Patterns.
- 16:30–16:45: Rong-Hao Liang, Holly Krueger, Loe Feijs, and Marina Toeters, AR Markers Meet Fashion.
- 16:45–17:00: Loe Feijs, An Aperiodic Pied-de-Poule (Houndstooth) Tiling for e-Fashion.
- 17:00–17:15: Lauren Niu, Raven Rimerman, Taylor Baugh, Chelsea Amanatides, Randall Kamien, and Geneviève Dion, Knitting on Helicoid Scaffolds.
- 17:15–17:30: Jiangmei Wu (Chair), Algorithms for Generating Crease Patterns from Sewing Patterns.
16:00–17:30: Short Papers Session 8, STEM 216
- 16:00–16:15: Charlene Morrow and James Morrow, Origami Birthday Gifts: A Preliminary Report.
- 16:15–16:30: Wojtek Burczyk and Krystyna Burczyk, Trading Exact for Simple.
- 16:30–16:45: Jennifer Padilla, Mathematical Texts as Illuminated Manuscripts: Augmenting Hand Lettering with Calligraphic Fonts in LaTeX.
- 16:45–17:00: Kazmier Maslanka, The Gift Of Entropy.
- 17:00–17:15: Nancy Scherich, Sol Addison, and Lila Snodgrass, Danceability! Directed by Braid Index.
- 17:15–17:30: Stefano Arrighi (Chair), Perspective Driven Barrier Grid Animation.
16:00–17:30: Workshop 12, ALC 1102
Emily Dennett and Chris Bolognese, Using Kronecker Powers to Create Bead Art.
*Workshop limited to 25 participants.
16:00–17:30: Workshop 13, ALC 1104
Chaim Goodman-Strauss, A Woven Klein Quartic.
*Workshop limited to 40 participants.
17:30–20:00: Dinner Break
20:00–21:30: Math+Fashion Show, hosted by Matt Parker, STEM Building, 2nd Floor Concourse. If you would like to be a runway model, please fill out this form.
Sunday, 4 August
08:30–13:00: Art Exhibition open, STEM Building, Math Exchange.
09:15–12:10: Plenary Session 4, Singleton Center Concert Hall
- 09:15–09:30: Announcements
- 09:30–10:30: Richard Hammack, Hypercube Models via Genus Embeddings.
- 10:30–11:00: Coffee break
- 11:00–12:00: Margaret Kepner, Only Connect.
- 12:00-12:10: Bridges 2025 Announcement
12:10–13:00: Lunch Break
13:00: Art Exhibition Closes
13:00–15:00: Art Exhibition Break Down (exhibitors must remove pieces by 15:00).
13:00–17:00: Family Day at the Science Museum of Virginia
Bridges Family Day is our opportunity to give back to the community that has hosted our conference and to share the fun of mathematics and art with local families and Bridges participants. Family Day is always free and open to the public.
We need lots of volunteers to help our hard-working activity presenters. If you can spare an hour or two to volunteer, please fill out this form.
Family Day will take place at the Science Museum of Virginia in the Rotunda and the RF&P Forum (Floor Plan). Tickets are not required to enter these spaces in the museum. There will be 25 hands-on activities, as well as the Short Film Festival and the Poetry Reading.
The museum is generously providing free tickets to their main exhibits to Bridges attendees during Family Day. You will need to show your conference badge to get free entrance. Special exhibits, like BodyWorlds and the Planetarium, are not included in the free admission.
To reach the museum ride the free Pulse bus westbound along Broad St from the VCU/VUU station for 2 stops to the Science Museum of Virginia station. There is free covered parking at the museum.
- 13:00–17:00: Hands-on workshops, Rotunda
- 13:00–14:45 Short Film Festival and Q&A with Filmmakers, RF&P Forum
- 15:00–17:00: Poetry Reading, RF&P Forum
17:00–20:00: Dinner Break
20:00–22:00: The Bridges Community Players present Lovesong of the Electric Bear, Singleton Center Concert Hall.
Monday, August 5
8:00–17:00: Optional Full Day Excursion to the University of Virginia Rotunda, Academical Village, Memorial to Enslaved Laborers, and Monticello.
The excursion is not included in registration. For more information on the excursion see the Optional Excursion page. Deadline for purchasing excursion tickets is July 21.
20:00–22:00: Informal Music and Performance Night, hosted by Doug Norton, Singleton Center Concert Hall.